Glossary of Key Terms

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The USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map helps gardeners figure out which perennial plants are most likely to survive winter in their area. It's based on the average lowest winter temperature in a region, broken down into 10-degree Fahrenheit zones and 5-degree half-zones. 

The City of Danville falls in Zone 7b, while Pittsylvania County and surrounding counties span Zones 7a and 7b, depending on the specific area.

Keep in mind that even within a single zone, local microclimates can create different growing conditions. Shade from buildings or trees, closeness to water, and even the slope of your yard can all affect temperature and moisture—sometimes creating noticeable differences from one part of your yard to another. Because of this, the zone map is a great starting point, but your own observations are just as important when choosing what to plant.

A soil test is one of the simplest ways to set your garden or yard up for success. It tells you your soil's pH level and nutrient content, so you know exactly what your plants need instead of guessing. Without this information, it's easy to over-fertilize, waste money on products you don't need, or apply the wrong type of fertilizer altogether. Many common plant problems, like yellowing leaves or poor growth, are actually caused by nutrient imbalances or incorrect pH levels rather than pests or disease.

Beyond saving money, soil testing also protects the environment. Applying only the nutrients your soil actually needs helps prevent excess fertilizer from washing into local streams and waterways, where it can harm water quality and aquatic life. Testing your soil every two to three years gives you a clear, science-based plan for improving your soil health, growing healthier plants, and gardening more sustainably.

Virginia Tech provides residential soil testing services. You can pick up a soil test kit at the Danville Extension Office, at the Master Gardener information table at the Community Market, or on VCE Master Gardener literature racks at local garden centers. The fee is $10 per sample for routine testing.

There are also a variety of commercial soils sample services available.